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Here are a few of the many stories from anglers
and guides who fish Sylvan Dale waters.
Do you have a Sylvan Dale Ranch "tall tale?" Send it to Fishing Stories and you could become
an overnight internet sensation! Or at least other anglers will be envious.
Wallace Westfeldt, guide and owner MudBugCo, reports his day in the Big Valley on March 4th at this link: Bellyache at Mother Lake, including a photo of the fly that landed a dozen fish!
In late January 2010, Ranch Guide Ted Meredith's smile is almost as big as this
beautiful brown trout he caught on Mother Lake with a crawdad pattern size 10.

So winter fishing can be just as fun and "productive" as the warmer months!
Feature Story
Scared a Poacher Off Mother Lake!
February 25, 2010
by Steve Musick, Season Member
Snow still covered the lower road into the Big Valley so I went in through the west gate. The snow still covered the road even up here where the sun gets to it. I pulled off deciding to walk in the rest of the way. [Ranch editorial: Good idea to avoid getting stuck, even in 4WDs!]
Trudging over the crest of the hill thinking this better be worth it, my eyes lit up a poacher in broad daylight no less. What audacity! He was large in frame with short stubby legs, a bald head and sharp eyes. He, like me, was hunting the big vista cruisers in Mother Lake. He was trying to hook one feeding upon midges close to the surface. Shoot! He saw me about the same time I spied him! Not one to be caught red-handed, he jumped up and headed down valley toward the river. Carrying a wingspan over 6 feet he soared north; two beats later he was long gone. I have never seen a bald eagle in the valley before. Another first for the paradise valley made the trip well worth my trudgery. David, I would pay a little extra to cover the cost of his harvesting just to continue to witness this spectacle.
The midge activity was sporadic. Clousers and Olive Woolly Buggers twitched slow worked best up by the open water around the springs. One mammoth Donaldson measured 5 inches from his hook jaw to the back of his crimson gill plate. 28 inches total. Did I say trudgery? I moseyed on down to Weldon Springs to discover open water and hungry active fish. Same tactics - just lost some gear on the poacher protecting wire stretched subsurface. Great idea, ranch folk, but you owe me 2 olive woollys and 2 red eyed Clousers. All in all it was a 7 fish day - all healthy, hungry and happy. No evidence of winterkill. Still lots of fry in the water schooled up in the shallows. Water is starting to warm up. Bring on March Madness!
Ice Fishing Sylvan Style (No Augers Needed)
December 19, 2009
by Steve Musick, Season Member
The snow looked too deep to cross even in “four-low” through the north gate road so we drove around entering the valley by the west gate. We hugged the road fishtailing a bit in the mud (sorry David) even in four low. The horses looked at us like we were in dire need of therapy. And they were right. Cabin fever is cured just by being out and it is only December 19th. Winter stays long this high.
The ice sheet on Mother Lake covered two thirds of the surface area. Even though the temperature climbed to a shirt sleeve comfortable 45 degrees we never saw a midge let alone a fin or a tail of a feeding fish. Rats! We should have brought the shot guns and hid in the blind, as the ducks came whizzing around at regular intervals. It would have been a great waterfowl day. I had read about how fish use the ice shelf as structure getting comfortable just underneath the edges. My son Jarrod and I decided to cast our Clousers, olive wooly buggers and egg sucking leeches on to the ice then give a little tug for them to plop into the water. Let them sink until WHAM! The technique reminded me of throwing hoppers using power casts across a river to overhanging grass giving additional cover to an undercut bank. Pop the grasshopper against the grass sometimes needing a little tug to plop into the swirling water. The comfortable fish sitting just under the ice shelf attacked again and again – the 3X tippets not even phasing the normally wary fish.
As the day wore on the temps came up the ice sheet grew smaller. The cover became only one third of the surface area making us sorry we didn’t bring the float tubes. Did I say something about needing therapy? Freezing water? Float tubes in December? Are you nuts? Yes we are. To catch these kind of fish – you betcha! We had another therapeutic blast: ice fishing without an auger. Thanks Sylvan Dale!
Firehole in Cowboy Winter
October 11, 2009
by Steve Musick, Season Member
Understanding the unique local weather patterns is part of being a Colorado native. A traditional early cold snap each autumn accelerates the leaves to color up, the elk to migrate, and the fish to spawn. It usually gives way to a period of warm days and cool nights. Ahhh….Indian summer.
Preparing for this fishing trip was different. The cooler was replaced by a cardboard box. Sandwiches and cold sodas moved over for a Coleman stove, brats and a coffee pot. We pulled into the office parking lot at the main ranch to sign in. With the car running to keep the heater going, I did not believe the digital thermometer readout so I thumped it with my finger. Sure enough it was wrong. The 22 degrees turned to 21. “Two Musicks to fish the Big Valley,” I told the shocked ladies behind the counter handing over our permits. I counted their fillings as they accepted the chits. This is Cowboy Winter -- the bone chilling opposite of Indian summer!
We were greeted by a herd of elk, a wandering coyote, and a pair of hovering falcons as we entered the Valley. Mother Lake was shrouded in mist as the 40+ degree water vaporized in the breeze. It reminded me of the Firehole Valley in Yellowstone National Park about this time of year. In the dead of winter the fish in this valley tend to congregate around the springs on Mother Lake while some of the lunkers huddle up in the northeast corner of Island Lake. “What about Cowboy winter like this hummm?” Let’s see elk migrating, some leaves turning, perhaps the fish are in a spawning mood. We rigged up dropped egg patterns 4 feet below strike indicators. The first fish required both of us to capture. My son squealed and reeled while I managed the mesh to net a big silver Donaldson steelhead. Impossible to know how many fish were swirling the springs but we hooked a dozen, netted half and broke off two monsters using 4X.
This valley is an hour and a half from my home in Westminster, Colorado. The warm spring water meeting the cold breeze creates a mist hovering through the valley – surreal indeed. Three to four pound fish were regularly feeding in 20-degree weather. It is as if we had been transwarp-beamed 13 hours northwest to Yellowstone National Park fishing the legendary Firehole River. Close your eyes. Listen to the elk bugle to ward off the coyote echoes followed by the swirling splash of lunker trout and the consistent gurgle of the flowing springs. The Big Valley has a firehole of its own. Thanks again David Jessup and the entire ranch crew for making this possible for we mere mortals. Another magnificent day at the ranch I love.
Ranch Editorial: Steve and Jarrod Musick have reminded all anglers that winter at Sylvan Dale waters can certainly be enjoyable and provide fish in the net! Is that a beer on our picnic table? ;-)

November 21, 2009
Laurie Schumann, Season Member, with her catch of the day at Mother Lake! Her husband John had tied on a Golden Demon Streamer Fly.
She may have earned her way into the "24-Inch Club" with this catch, but we'd have to know the length of the net!
Laurie usually enjoys horseback riding while she's here, helping us round up cattle and other adventure rides, but today, she joined John in the Big Valley for a day of rounding up rainbows.
Way to go, Laurie!
DISABLED DAMSELS IN DISTRESS
July 10, 2009 ~ Steve Musick, Season Member
Sunrise on July 10th was unusually unspectacular. Not even worth getting up so early. The cloud cover made me feel like I was inside a canvass tent. The dull low light conditions lasted all morning. Big fish were stacked in the shallows chasing fry and munching damsels. While I am used to fining fish these beasts had their backs out of the water most of the morning.
Hiding in the chest high grass the first cast wasn’t. A clumsy flip of an adult damsel tied sparse to look like a struggling stillborn in the surface film with a damsel nymph tied bushy green with black eyes about 18 inches below on a dropper. One twitch the rainbow charged like a bull. Raise the rod tip gently it’s 5x remember. Hook set started the first run. Holding the rod high while holding my breath the PhD fish finally turned racing right back at me faster than I could strip or reel. He got close enough thought I heard him laugh before he spit the damsel back at me. Nice try fisherman I have a doctorate in combat tactics. You just gotta love these fish. Checked the hook on the nymph still ouch sharp. Move a few feet down the bank, spy another back out of the water…..didn’t have to move more than 10 yards. Still hidden by the grass another flip cast. A fish swam right past both of the offering s. Twitch again the fish turns swirls and another bull rush. The reel sings some more until snap……5x is just not up to these animals.
Rerigged on 4x now I am ready for you fellas! I flipped the disabled damsels in distress back close to the cruisers. Twitch turn swirl another rush. This is like aerobics. Solid hook set this time singing reel panting fisherman I hooked an acrobat. He completely clears the water twice before snap. 4x is only as good as the knots dummy. Did I lick the knots to keep them from burning when I rerigged? Damn.
Halfway through the morning I somehow got smarter. The fish had moved out of the shallows to cruise the weed beds. I dressed the adult damsel with dry fly dust. In a why not mode I also dusted the nymph. Initially it floated then would slowly descend. The dry fly dust created tiny bubbles around the disabled damsel nymph. A twitch and a slight rise of the fly rod would bring life to the imitation and another turn swirl and rush. The twitching must make the fish more aggressive. It did on this day.
Felt a little like Snidely Whiplash tying on all those disabled damsels fished in distress. Can I come back on Monday or Tuesday and attempt to twist my mustache in a sinister fashion again? I netted over 20 fish not one under 18 inches. There were several others that even on 4x laughed and laughed at me. They have earned their PhD status. Once again Sylvan Dale has out done herself. I am very appreciative….again. Entering the big valley passes a person through a membrane opening to a surreal world of fishing heaven. No other place I fish including Montana is like it.
Elk and Trout Welcome Our Newest Fly Shop,
The Laughing Grizzly, Longmont
by Guide Al Ritt ~ May 15, 2009
As we pulled into Sylvan Dale's Big Valley near Mother Lake, the last of the resident elk herd was just topping the ridge to the north of the lake. There was a slight ripple to the surface, but not enough to affect the visibility. The water was clear enough to see the cruising fish from quite a distance, which was fortunate because the fish were running the banks gorging on emerging midges and were very difficult to approach closely. Jerry Kopelman (pictured left) and Kurt Pflock (pictured below) had the perfect midge pupa patterns for the day: a size 20 black fly with a gunmetal glass bead, Krystal flash body, silver rib, and black UV Ice Dub thorax. Fished as a dropper under a foam beetle and a tan L2HF Humpulator the pupa took fish consistently all day. As a bonus, more than a few fish took the dries also. The fish fed steadily all morning. After a lunch in the shade at the picnic table near the guide shack, we switched gears and walked down to fish Island Lake. The results were much the same at Island, though the wind had picked up some by that time. We easily addressed that problem by fishing the end of the lake that put the wind to our backs. After catching quite a few more sizeable rainbows and Donaldsons we headed back toward the car. The still actively feeding fish as we walked past Mother were too much of a temptation and the guys capped off the day with one or two last fish each. We didn’t count or even measure the fish. Getting the fish revived and back in the water took precedent. Both Jerry and Kurt had me snap one picture each with one of their fish lifted just to the surface before carefully reviving and releasing them. As the guys fished their way back around Mother toward the cars, the elk returned from the ridge and completed the cycle of a perfect day.
Ranch Editorial: We sure appreciate the care with which our guides and anglers handle the fish. Thank you, Al, for making note of proper fish handling in your story!
"They just aren’t hitting dries!" BAM!!!!
TJ Pence of Rocky Mountain Anglers, had just made several casts with his favorite dry fly on Mother Lake during the ranch's annual guide orientation and fishing day. Saturday, May 9, 2009 was a day for area guides and fly shops to become acquainted with the Sylvan Dale waters, learn the Ranch’s expectations, and to try their own luck. TJ was looking a bit frustrated as the big trout seemed to cruise by and snub their noses at his offerings. Ranch guide Ted Meredith suggested a Chernobyl Ant as he reached insid1e his fly vest and pulled out a foam bodied, rubber-legged, ugly bug for TJ to use. The fly was tied on, and promptly cast toward a rising ring at an almost unreachable distance from the north shore. After a few seconds on the water, TJ looked at Ted and said, “They just are not hitting dries.” BAM! The trout struck and the battle was on. As TJ finally tailed the big 25 inch Cuttbow and hoisted it gently above the water for Ted’s camera, he responded. “I guess I was wrong….they like this dry!”
Ranch Editorial: TJ got billing here above his "senior," Wallace Westfeldt (pictured below) who guides for Front Range Anglers and Kirk's Fly Shop, because Wallace admitted, albeit sheepishly, that his own entry into "The 24-Inch Club" on May 9, 2009, was indeed, in fact, exactly one inch SMALLER than TJ's take! Wallace did happen to mention, however, that a fancy "measuring net" he got a few years ago seems to take off an inch or two from his prior decades of measurements! Is it the net or was he exaggerating before this net?!? Either way, we love it when anglers tell true tales! Congratulations to all guides who caught fish and had fun at Sylvan Dale!

Wallace Westfeldt, Flyfishing Guide and Author
Check out his website: MudBugCo
"It doesn’t get any better than this!" ~ April 20, 2009 - by Ted Meredith
The day was perfect as the meadowlarks sang, the geese honked, and a large herd of elk left their footprints along the shoreline, while Ed, Tony, and Jim began their guided fly fishing day on 4/20/09. Guide Ted Meredith prepared the rods and directed each fisherman on how to fish the trophy lakes in the valley at Sylvan Dale Ranch. The men each had a pontoon boat and flippers, and set out on Mother Lake to catch the big one. Ted had rigged the guys with Black Bunny Leeches and 4x tippet.
Jim was first to hook up, with a nice 18 inch rainbow and Ed quickly followed suit. Tony maintained the pace by finally landing a fish of his own. Within the first half hour, photos were taken of all three gentlemen with nice fish to reflect on later. After convincing the anglers that after 21 fish, a break might be needed, a short lunch was consumed and plans made for the afternoon outing. The group decided to try Island Lake and continued their success. Ed finally decided to switch his fly and chose a natural colored leech pattern, and found a honey hole, where he landed a fish on practically every other cast. The other two fishers watched in amazement as Ed seemed to have the perfect presentation. “We don’t need a guide next time, we’ll just bring Ed,” joked Jim.
The boys ended the day with a total of 46 fish caught and carefully released to fight again another day. “Unbelievable!” “Amazing!” “Beautiful!” “It just doesn’t get any better than this!”
Special Selections by Season Member (and prolific writer), Steve Musick
Linebacking ~ April 10, 2009
The foothills wore thick clouds like a hat. No need for sunscreen or poloarized shades today. The fish don't care the springs weren't flowing on Mother Lake; neither did the midge hatch.
There were so many adults, gray, tan and rust colors, I had to switch to something different to take fish. I finally settled on an olive size 18 hare's ear greased leader and twist twitched slow.
Site casting to feeding linebacking trout is my favorite experience on Mother. The first hook-up ran all my fly line. When the junction between fly line and backing strips through the guides and your reel lis still singing, it's a linebacking fish. This one relaxed in my net straining the black mesh.
Furthered my "membership" in The 24-Inch Club by 3 inches and big shoulder Donaldson!!!!
Got tired of catching linebackers; drove over the the Main Ranch River to throw golden stones to golden browns in the canyon. Switched to BWO and PMD mayflys to finish a wonderful Good -- no -- Great Friday.
5 Continuous Hours of "TM" ~ April 24, 2009
Sit anywhere ya want it's not like were packing 'em in ya know. This recession is killing us especially in the afternoons. So whaddyer doing in Loveland on a Friday? I have just come from 5 continuous hours of TM.
That explains it then. You feel as peaceful as a monk in a monastery. That much Transcendental Meditation will chill anyone out.
No no forgive me I am a fly fisherman. The cocker spaniel tilt of her head and the furrowed brow invited me to continue as she sat down to pour coffee into my waiting mug. The TM is short for a fishing system. The T is for Terrestrials---crickets and big ants were best today. The M is for midges mosquito like bugs---red black and zebra colors worked best. The midges were suspended about 24 inches under the floating land insect patterns. I fished in silent still waters of a valley just up the road. I was suspended in a float tube and in time. Five hours could just as easily been 5 minutes. Had to chase a big herd of elk off the earthen dam creating a spring fed pond named Mother Lake. There are 12 ponds in all. I only fished two. The elk stood silhouetted on the ridge line as if guarding the valley like they owned the place and I was the trespasser. Maybe they stood guard to keep everyone else out....hmmm.
Could I get eggs over easy and toast with my coffee please? Her glassy eyes cleared coming back from the TM mist....hmmm maybe this is contagious.
Solitude, silent, slinging line while suspended.....maybe it was Transcendent Meditation after all.
Thanks again Sylvan Dale crew. A 23-fish day or 5 hours anyway. It was all I could take. Maybe all I needed. A 26-inch broad shouldered Steelhead to a very scared 4-inch Rainbow racing into the security of my net. He looked a lot like lunker lunch while hooked up and played. Another paradise day at the ranch I love.
The ABCs of Sylvan Dale's School ~ November 1, 2008
Indian summer. Dead leaves spiral to earth fueled only by gravity, not a wisp of wind. The overnight cloud cover held in the heat from yesterday, no sunscreen needed today.
Island Lake was just that an "I" land. Solitude.....yet not alone. School was in session. I taught the ABCs: Ants Beetles and Chronomids. The trout schooled up in the shallows. Some fish attacked the ants. Others bashed the beetles. Most of the fish chewed the chronomids dropped as emergers fished slow and twitchy.
Catch one trout ....quarter turn on the float tube, catch another on the next cast. Rotate some more…… fish on! In every direction fish abound -- school's way in!
Heard of tennis elbow? I have Sylvan shoulder.
Thanks for providing the classroom. God provided the weather. Another perfect day in the Big Valley of the ranch.
Popping and Hopping at Mother Lake ~ March 2009
by Ranch Guide, Ted Meredith
Jay Alipit looked over at his brother in the other pontoon boat and shook his head, “Can you believe this, Jeff?!”
“Yeah, I want my money back,” replied Jeff kiddingly. Both men were casting dry midge imitations to numerous rises that encircled each of them on the lake. They watched in amazement at the
endless noses and fins that seemed to be churning the surface of the water. The hatch was on with size 16 midges popping out from the depths of the trophy lake at the Sylvan Dale Ranch and the trout were rising to the occasion.
Sunday, March 29th, 2009 was a beautiful day with temperatures warm enough to melt the existing snow, and winds gentle enough to allow for fisherpersons to propel a craft with foot power across the lake, as Jay and Jeff Alipit spent the day with Sylvan Dale Ranch guide Ted Meredith.

Both men managed to catch and release a total of over a dozen fish for the day with the grand finale being the take of a trout on a dry fly in the month of March. “It’s hard to compete with the real thing,” said Jay as he finally convinced a nice rainbow to take a beetle imitation.
Jeff, who was most comfortable using nymph patterns, was grinning ear to ear when he finally hooked a nice bow on a size 18 Mother’s midge dry. “YES!” was all he could muster.
"The Pachecos Vs. The Fish" ~ by Ranch Guide, Ted Meredith
It was an overcast morning on Wednesday, May 28, 2008, as Kim and Charles Pacheco followed directions from their guide Ted Meredith, as to the safe way to board their pontoon boats on Mother Lake. The wind was calm as the normal dimples of trout slurping midges seemed to be missing from the glass- like surface of the lake.
Charles, an avid fly fisher, was first to launch and first to hook up as Kim and Ted reviewed casting techniques near the boat ramp. After Charles had broken off his first connection, the other two proceeded to start the backward trolling across the lake. Kim, a chemistry professor at UNC, shared that she had never actually landed a trout on a flyrod and was hoping to maybe catch even just one fish.
After about thirty minutes of exploration along the edges of the water, the concentration shifted to the middle of the lake with a bead head bunny leech with an olive green scud dropper and a split shot added for depth. Kim suddenly watched as her rod lurched toward the water and immediately fumbled for the slack line that was in her lap. As quickly as the strike occurred, the fish was gone, leaving Kim second guessing her failed attempt to set the hook. In less than a minute the fish struck again -- only this time Kim was ready! With coaching from her guide and her free wheeling Cortland
reel, the fish was on and running for the hills. This battle between a novice fisherperson and a seemingly hefty fish lasted several minutes with the quarry refusing to come to the net for release. Nearing exhaustion from her efforts, Kim finally raised the rainbow to a level for Ted to net. A beautiful 24-inch Kamloops Rainbow was unhooked, photographed, revived and released to fight again another day. Charles was grinning like a Cheshire Cat, as his wife was still in shock from her first successful flyrod experience.
The same day saw the sun out in full force after lunch, as Charles crept on his knees to lessen the casting distance to the large brown trout feeding near the inlet at Island Lake. His first attempt at enticing the enormous fish to strike went unnoticed as the #18 midge dry fly floated over and past the quarry. Guide Ted, who had crawled within a few feet of Charles, quietly switched the fly to a #10 bunny leech streamer to offer another dining choice to this active brute. Charles’ delivery was perfect as the huge brownie engulfed the fly, sensed his mistake and headed for the open lake, stripping line behind him. The battle took Charles 100 feet down the shoreline as this beautiful 24” fish finally came to the net just outside the cattails. “Happy Birthday, Charles!” What a way to celebrate getting another year older!
Jeremy W., Loveland, CO:
Regarding Memorial Day '08 Special: "Fishing was WONDERFUL yesterday, even with the crummy weather. I got pretty bad sun burn the previous days and was relieved to have clouds and rain all day! I caught a lot of fish and made some new friends. Please keep me on the list for upcoming open days! Happy days on the ranch!"
Dan and Cathy Pirner, Arvada, CO: Cathy and I had a great time fishing the Sylvan Dale waters over the Memorial Day weekend ['08]. We arrived on a beautiful Sunday afternoon and I spent an hour or two fishing the Big Thompson on the main ranch property. Even though the flow was a bit high due to run-off, the water was clear and the fish were cooperative. I caught and released a number of healthy fish including a nice brown of about 18 inches. Even with the high water they hit a #18 midge pattern that I had tied as a trailing fly below a #14 bead-head prince nymph. Lots of fun in a beautiful setting right outside our cabin! Although Memorial Day was cool and rainy, Cathy had several nice fish out of Island Lake using a olive bugger. In addition to trout, I caught a few very nice large-mouths in the bass ponds using a worm fly that Greg Sheets generously “loaned” me. That was great fun and a nice diversion from trout fishing. No #18 flies needed for those guys! Thanks to Greg and Bill for their hospitality and timely fishing tips. As usual, a wonderful overnight stay at Sylvan Dale. We’ll be back!!
“Double the Fun” by Ted Meredith
It was an overcast morning on Thursday, July 3, 2008, when 82 year old Dorothy Morgan gave a huge grin and a satisfied chuckle, as the big bass voraciously took the floating Rapala beneath the surface of the lake. She had already landed seven bass with the help of guide Ted Meredith on Pump Lake in the lower valley at Sylvan Dale Ranch and was hoping to land number eight. Almost simultaneously Dorothy’s rod bent toward the water and the drag on her open face reel began to sing as the fish seemed to get a burst of energy in the attempt to escape. Dorothy held fast and followed her guide’s coaching as she reeled the fish toward the shoreline. As she raised the rod tip to bring the fish closer to the net, the surprising hook up soon became evident. Two large bass were hooked on one lure at the same time. “I guess that’s number eight and number nine.” said Dorothy as she took the net and fish from her guide and posed for photos.
Fishing with Music, Submitted by Ron "Doc" Sheets
A few years ago, Greg and I decided to fish the river that runs through the ranch property. It is a marvelous stretch of the Big Thompson River with numerous wild trout up to 18 or 20 inches. The ranch also has several locations for picnicking and group events along the river.
We started fishing up stream from the lower river near the Daddy-J pavilion and there was a wedding reception in the shelter with a harpist playing beautiful music.
As we fished on up, another wedding had concluded on the lawn and a string quartet was entertaining that group (and us). On up a ways, along the lodge dining room area, yet another wedding was under way with a mariachi band “thrumping” out delightful Mexican music. As we were fairly close to the seated crowd, many of the guys crained their necks watching Greg “hoovering” trout in.
All through the route up stream, with the varied music playing, we were also accompanied with he distant sounds of deep-throated thunder from a thunderstorm way to the north. It was a very unique fishing experience, rather pleasant, except for the stern request by the ranch owners to not fish along the stretches that might distract from the activities of the weddings. "You wouldn't want to be in the background of photographs from a brides' most memorable day!"
Gordon Penley, Ft. Collins: In April, I had the
pleasure of fishing at Sylvan Dale Ranch and was guided
by Chuck Prather of Flyfishing Services. This turned
out to be one of the best fishing experiences I’ve
ever had – I caught many very large rainbows
in Mother Lake including the largest fish I’ve
ever caught, a fish Chuck estimated to be in the 8-10
pound class. Chuck was very personable, knowledgeable,
and seemed to have exactly the right flies and tactics
for the hanging conditions of the day. I fished both
trophy lakes with success and I really enjoyed the
secluded setting and quality of the fisheries. I hope
to be speaking to Chuck soon about returning with some
of my angling buddies as I know they would enjoy the
experience.
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